Casa de Dependientes is a historic two-storey rectangular building attached to the wall of the gardens of the Palaces of the Vista Alegre Estate (district of Carabanchel, Madrid) and acquired personally by Queen María Cristina de Borbón in 1832. This building, which was declared BIC in 2018, was designed in 1845 by the Major Palace Architect Narciso Pascual y Colomer. The aim of the intervention is to recover, as far as possible, its original materiality, as well as the rehabilitation of the building, which is very altered and deteriorated, for its use as a dwelling on the upper floor and work spaces for the maintenance of the property on the ground floor. The construction was characterised, like many of the buildings on the property, by the regular and symmetrical arrangement of the openings and rooms along its central transversal axis: an architecture of correct proportions and constructive decorum. The interior layout followed a scheme of three longitudinal bays perpendicular to three transverse bays, with the staircase occupying the centre. From 1886 onwards, the building underwent modifications to adapt to new requirements, thus losing its overall unity. In 2018, with the BIC declaration, the historical-artistic value of the complex is considered the most relevant objective for the proposals for action. After studying the available historical documentation and the original plans by Pascual y Colomer, the volumetric restoration of the building is proposed, as well as the recovery of the original façade openings and their frames, the cornice moulding, the lime mortar rendering on the façades and the Arabic tile roof. For a better operation and functionality of the new programme of needs, a system of circulations is established that recovers the original typology of the building with the staircase as the central distributing element and that allows the simultaneity of uses; in order to guarantee a certain independence, a new access is opened from Arnedo street. The new entrance hall incorporates a small garden as a foretaste of the character of the estate: a fragment of nature that qualifies the access to the domestic space. On the ground floor there are work rooms and auxiliary spaces linked to the maintenance of the Finca, while the upper floor organises the domestic spaces for the family who will be in charge of the care and maintenance work, in three bands: a band of continuous public day space towards the garden, a central band of auxiliary spaces that includes the staircase and a night band, towards the street, with three bedrooms. A series of energy efficiency measures have been incorporated to improve the efficiency and performance of the envelope, such as the use of thermal insulation in continuity with the joinery, low emissivity glazing and solar control, a geothermal system for air conditioning with underfloor heating and cooling with great comfort and no impact on the external image, and a heat recovery system that improves the quality of the indoor air and reduces energy consumption.
typology: Public / Housing location: Finca de Vista Alegre, Madrid area: 322 m² status: completed 2024 client: Comunidad de Madrid TEAM: